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Air Data

Note that on October 15, 2008, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) lowered the National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard from a quarterly average of 1.5 µg/m3 to a rolling three-month average of 0.15 µg/m3, effective October 2009. Under the revised standard, the method of collecting the samples has not changed. Samples are still collected every six days over a 24-hour period using the same type of equipment.

REAL-TIME (DUST) AIR MONITORING

  • Real-Time air monitoring (Near Field Zone monitoring) - this type of air monitoring will determine if dust is migrating outside of the immediate work area so that additional dust control measures can be implemented before any dust can move off-site. This monitoring will consist of continuous, real-time dust monitoring upwind and downwind of the work zone during all phases of work with potential for significant release of dust (i.e., during soil excavation, backfill, waste placement, and cap installation.)  Real-Time monitoring provides immediate information on the amount of dust (not just lead) being generated.

The real-time monitors will be moved around on a daily basis based on the location of work activities for the day.  We began running the real-time air monitors during non-working hours on August 13, 2008.  That data can also be viewed by clicking on the links below.       

Click on the dates below to view graphs showing the real-time air monitoring data (both working hours and non-working hours) collected as of December 15, 2008.  

          Month of May 2008             Month of June 2008            Month of July 2008                Month of August 2008           

          Month of September 2008    Month of October 2008       Month of November 2008        Month of December 2008

 SITE PERIMETER (AMBIENT AIR MONITORING FOR LEAD)

  • Site perimeter monitoring - this kind of air monitoring consists of ambient air monitoring for lead using the high-volume sampler method, which is what has been used for the past 20 years at the Site. This sampling will determine if air lead is being emitted from the Site. Results with this type of monitoring are not immediate as the air collection filters have to be sent to a lab for analysis.  Perimeter air sampling is conducted every six days using 6 samplers at various locations around the perimeter of the site that run simultaneously over a 24-hour period. The sampler draws air over a filter and then the filter is analyzed for lead content. The volume of air that is drawn in is also recorded which gives us the results of micrograms (µg) of lead in cubic meters (m3) of air. It generally takes approximately 2 weeks for the results from the 24 hour high volume air sampling to be validated and for the information to then be posted on the web site.

On October 15, 2008, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) lowered the National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard from a quarterly average of 1.5 µg/m3 to a rolling three-month average of 0.15 µg/m3, effective October 2009. Under the new standard, the method of collecting the samples has not changed (i.e., samples are collected every six days over a 24-hour period).

For construction, two of the air monitors that were previously located at the Site were relocated to provide additional information for the community. One was placed just inside the perimeter fence on Delaware Street where it is visible to anyone driving near the Site; this provides air lead data for residential areas adjacent to the Site. The other was relocated to the Mid-Valley Secondary Center on February 27, 2008, as requested by Throop Borough’s Planning Agency and Engineer. This monitor provides air lead data near the local schools.

On August 13, 2008, we began running the downwind perimeter high volume air samplers during non-working hours (4 of the 6 samplers that run for the 24 hour sampling).   Click on the link below in orange to view the most recent non-working hours (overnight) ambient air-monitoring data.  

24-hour Ambient Air Monitoring Results - results from December 7, 2008     

Non-working hours (overnight) Ambient Air Monitoring Results - results from December 14, 2008 to December 15, 2008

 

CO-LOCATED LEAD SAMPLES (SAMPLES FOR LEAD COLLECTED AT THE SAME LOCATIONS AS THE DUST MONITORS FOR BOTH WORKING AND NON-WORKING HOURS)

  • Co-located Lead Samples - this type of air monitoring consists of air monitoring for lead using personal air monitors (PAMs).  For this monitoring, the PAMs were placed at the same location as the Real-Time (Dust) Air Monitors.  This sampling is in addition to what is required by the 100% Design.  The samples were analyzed by a method that provides a detection limit similar to the detection level that is used for the perimeter high volume air samplers. This will allow us to compare the co-located sample results with the results that we obtain every six days from the perimeter high volume air samplers. Initially, we will use the data from the co-located samples to compare with the information being obtained from the dust monitors and as we move forward, the co-located samples will be helpful in providing data in the event that a future exceedance occurs at one of the dust monitors. In other words, whenever a dust monitor shows too much dust, the co-located lead sample can show how much lead, if any, was in that dust.

    The real-time dust monitors are moved around on a daily basis based on the location of work activities for the day; the co-located samples are located with the dust monitors each day.   

    Click on the dates below to view the results for the co-located lead samples (both working hours and non-working hours).

    August 2008              September 2008            October 2008           November 2008             December 2008

    

The lead result from a PAM sample collected during working hours from the Site perimeter between the Containment Area (CA) and Sulphur Creek on November 17, 2008, had a result of 1.011 ug/m3.  While this number is not above the Site’s action level or the current National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard quarterly average of 1.5 ug/m3, the level was higher than expected due to its location on the Site perimeter and the limited activities that occurred in the vicinity.  Furthermore, in October 2009, USEPA will lower the National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard from 1.5 µg/m3 to a rolling three-month average of 0.15 µg/m3.  To assess what might have caused the higher-than-expected result, further investigation was conducted. 

Initially, samples from the two working days before and two working days after November 17th were sent in to the laboratory for analysis.  A sample collected on November 19, 2008, from the same location had a result of 1.339 ug/m3, also higher than expected.  In response to these results, additional samples were sent in for analysis and an investigation into sampling procedures took place.   

The only activity in the vicinity of the Sulphur Creek perimeter PAM on November 17, 2008, was the transport and spreading of woodchips in the CA. The CA was saturated due to rain events and although the PAM sample was not co-located with a dust monitor, there were no exceedances recorded for the day on any of the dust monitors at the Site.  A dust monitor had not usually been run in that location during the day because the area is not downwind of any Site activities, but since November 20, 2008,  a dust monitor has been run in that location during both working and non-working hours.  On November 19, 2008, contaminated soil from an excavation area in the North Woods and from construction of a diversion berm was placed in the CA (over 200 yards from the dust monitor location). 

The cause and source of the elevated lead levels identified in the PAM samples have not been definitively determined.  It does not appear that they would be related to Site operations since operations in the vicinity of the sampler were limited and did not involve extensive handling of contaminated materials.   It is thought that a likely cause for the elevated levels may have been the procedures used in preparation, placement and handling of the sample cassettes, particularly the removal and replacement of the plugs. Since AGC performed an audit of the procedures and identified and corrected possible cross-contamination issues, subsequent results have not shown elevated levels since November 19, 2008.  It appears that the procedural changes have been effective, and changes to Site dust control or construction operations are not warranted. 

The PAM results from November 17 and 19, 2008, were provided to Throop Borough, Cocciardi & Associates (Throop Borough’s liaison), USEPA, and PADEP, as soon as they were available.  As requested by USEPA, a complete summary of activities and follow-up actions taken in response to these results as discussed above was provided to USEPA on December 17, 2008.  This information was also provided to PADEP, Throop Borough and its liaison, Cocciardi & Associates. Cocciardi has recommended to the Borough Council that they conduct an assessment of the air data collected to date and further evaluation of the impact of the upcoming change in the NAAQS on the project.  More information will be posted on the website as it becomes available.

 

AMBIENT AIR MONITORING DATA SUMMARY (3RD QUARTER 2008)

The range and average lead results for the Third Quarter 2008 data are as follows:
  • Background (HV-7)
     
    • Range    0.001 - 0.010 µg/m3
    • Average 0.005 µg/m3
       
  • Upwind (HV-4 and HV-6)
     
    • Range        0.002 - 0.045 µg/m3
    • Average      0.008 µg/m3
       
  • Downwind (HV-1, HV-2 and HV-3)
     
    • Range    0.001 - 0.069 µg/m3
    • Average   0.020 µg/m3

During the 3rd Quarter 2008, all results were well below the National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard of 1.5 μg/m3. On October 15, 2008 the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) lowered the National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard from 1.5 µg/m3 to 0.15 µg/m3, effective October 2009. All samples collected during 3rd Quarter 2008 were below the revised standard of 0.15 µg/m3.

  Click on the image for a larger view of the Recent Air Data

All results are well below the National Ambient Air Quality Lead Standard of 1.5 µg/m3.

*HV = High Volume air sampler.  Click here for an explanation.

Page Last Modified Monday January 05, 2009 02:20:56 PM

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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